COMPARISON OF GROWTH PERFORMANCE OF BEEF CALVES FROM DIFFERENT GENETIC STRAINS REARED UNDER ORGANIC CONDITIONs (D. 3.2)

The objective of the present study was to compare growth performance of 15 Danish Holstein bull (DHB) calves, 15 Limousine x Danish Holstein crossbred bull (CB) calves and 15 Limousine x Danish Holstein crossbred heifer (CH) calves reared under organic conditions. Spring-born calves were puchased at private farms and arrived at approximately 20 days of age with an average initial body weight of 52.9, 58.5 and 56.1 kg, (SEM 2.6) for DHB, CB and CH, respectively. Calves were kept indoor until weaning at 3 months of age. Calves were gradually introduced to a grass-silage based ration from 3 to 4 months of age. From 4 to 7 months calves were kept on mix grass pasture of ryegrass and white clover. There were significant differences between treatment groups in terms of average daily gain (ADGP1) during the first summer pasture period, average daily gain (ADGI) during the indoor winter period, and average daily gain (ADGP2) during the second summer pasture period (first 7 weeks). Thus, CB had significantly greater ADG than CH for all three periods with DHB being in between. CB had greater values than DHB and CH in terms of LWP1 144, 140 and 135 (SEM 4) kg, ADGP1 1.15, 1.04 and 0.95 (SEM 0.05) kg/d, LW Indoor 222, 213, and 201 (SEM 5) kg and ADGI 1.06, 1.02 and 0.95 (SEM 0.02) kg/d, LWP2 462, 445 and 414 (SEM 9) kg and ADGP2 1.24, 0.98 and 0.68 (SEM 0.04) kg/d for CB, DHB and CH, respectively. The final live weight were not different between CB and DHB but was significantly lower for CH than DHB and CB (483, 539 and 582 (SEM 8) kg, for CH, DHB and CB, respectively). Overall growth performance across all periods was 13% higher for CB than CH

Produktionsøkonomi ved økologisk opdræt af Holstein tyre og Limousine x Holstein krydsningstyre og -kvier i et græsbaseret produktionssystem

Sammenfattende viser resultaterne, at LIM x DH tyre kan opdrættes i et græsbaseret produktionssystem med et forholdsvis fornuftigt restbeløb. Med økologitillæg og forventet slagtepræmie i perioden 2015-2020, kan der opnås et restbeløb til dækning af stald, arbejde og risiko på cirka 1.800 kr. per dyr (ca. 3,50 kr. per dag), selv om der gives et tillæg på 800 kr. per spædkalv i forhold til prisen på en renracet DH-tyr. For LIM x DH kvier kan der opnås et restbeløb på cirka 1.400 kr. per dyr (2,70 kr. per dag). Hvis krydsningstyrene og kvierne ses under et, kan der således opnås et restbeløb på cirka 1.600 kr. per krydsningsdyr (godt 3 kr. per dag) i gennemsnit under de nævnte forudsætninger. Med et restbeløb på 390 kr. per dyr er der ikke økonomi i at opdrætte renracede DH-tyre i et græsbaseret produktionssystem. Restbeløbet vil dog kunne øges med godt 500 kr. per dyr, hvis klassificeringen af tyre-nes fedme kunne hæves fra 1 til 2 med et godt græstilbud af høj kvalitet de sidste uger inden slagtning, eller en eventuel slutfedning på stald

Attention-deficit/ hyperactivity disorder in the offspring following prenatal maternal bereavement: a nationwide follow-up study in Denmark

Severe prenatal stress exposure has been found to increase the risk of neuropsychiatric conditions like schizophrenia. We examined the risk of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the offspring following prenatal maternal bereavement, as a potential source of stress exposure. We conducted a nationwide population-based cohort study including all 1,015,912 singletons born in Denmark from 1987 to 2001. A total of 29,094 children were born to women who lost a close relative during pregnancy or up to 1 year before pregnancy. These children were included in the exposed cohort and other children were in the unexposed cohort. We used Cox regression to estimate hazard ratios for ADHD, defined as the first-time ADHD hospitalization or first-time ADHD medication after 3 years of age. Boys born to mothers who were bereaved by unexpected death of a child or a spouse, had a 72% increased risk of ADHD [hazard ratio (HR) 1.72, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.09–2.73]. Boys born to mothers who lost a child or a spouse during 0–6 months before pregnancy and during pregnancy had a HR of 1.47 (95% CI 1.00–2.16) and 2.10 (95% CI 1.16–3.80), respectively. Our findings suggest that prenatal maternal exposure to severe stress may increase the risk of ADHD in the offspring

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Intet resumé

Early Life Disease Programming during the Preconception and Prenatal Period: Making the Link between Stressful Life Events and Type-1 Diabetes

Background: To assess the risk of developing Type-1 diabetes among children who were exposed to maternal bereavement during the prenatal or 1-year preconception period. Methods: We identified N = 1,548,746 singleton births born in Denmark between January 1 st 1979 through December 31 st 2004, and their next of kin. Altogether, 39,857 children were exposed to bereavement during their prenatal life. The main outcome of interest was hospitalization for type-1 diabetes (ICD 8: 249; ICD 10: E10). Results: We found the strongest association for type-1 diabetes among children exposed to traumatic father or sibling deaths (aIRR: 2.03, 1.22–3.38); the association was mainly seen for girls (aIRR: 2.91, 1.61–5.26). Conclusions: We found evidence to suggest that female fetuses exposed to severe prenatal stress are at increased risk fo

The association between perceived stress and mortality among people with multimorbidity: a prospective population-based cohort study

Multimorbidity is common and is associated with poor mental health and high mortality. Nevertheless, no studies have evaluated whether mental health may affect the survival of people with multimorbidity. We investigated the association between perceived stress and mortality in people with multimorbidity by following a population-based cohort of 118,410 participants from the Danish National Health Survey 2010 for up to 4 years. Information on perceived stress and lifestyle was obtained from the survey. We assessed multimorbidity using nationwide register data on 39 conditions and identified 4,229 deaths for the 453,648 person-years at risk. Mortality rates rose with increasing levels of stress in a dose-response relationship (P-trend < 0.0001), independently of multimorbidity status. Mortality hazard ratios (highest stress quintile vs. lowest) were 1.51 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1.25, 1.84) among persons without multimorbidity, 1.39 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.64) among those with 2 or 3 conditions, and 1.43 (95% CI: 1.18, 1.73) among those with 4 or more conditions, when adjusted for disease severities, lifestyle, and socioeconomic status. The numbers of excess deaths associated with high stress were 69 among persons without multimorbidity, 128 among those with 2 or 3 conditions, and 255 among those with 4 or more conditions. Our findings suggested that perceived stress contributes significantly to higher mortality rates in a dose-response pattern, and more stress-associated deaths occurred in people with multimorbidity

Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnancy and congenital malformations: population based cohort study

Objective To investigate any association between selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) taken during pregnancy and congenital major malformations